Market Entry Strategy free essay sample

Anna’s Car is one of the top automakers in the United States that is at present anticipating offering its new reformed Smart Cars to two remote nations, Japan and Germany. The organization accepts that the expanding pattern of becoming environmentally viable and worries about the earth in Japan and Germany will blend huge benefits soon after entering those two markets. Anna’s Car has assessed different market section methodology options and is currently delaying between direct trading or outside direct speculation for Germany and diversifying or joint endeavor for Japan. Direct Export The fundamental favorable position of direct sending out for Anna’s Car will be actuality that the organization will have the option to deliver Smart Cars in the United States and afterward offer them to clients in Germany. Anna’s Car would have an extraordinary command over the whole fare exchanges and would pick up the opportunity to the extent choosing which target purchasers to approach or who to use to disseminate the vehicles in Germany. We will compose a custom paper test on Market Entry Strategy or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page There is additionally potential for higher benefits and a superior opportunity to assemble a closer relationship with the German commercial center and its purchasers. In any case, Anna’s Car should give additional time, work force, and company’s assets to guarantee a smooth and fruitful undertaking. Numerous interior hierarchical changes will be fundamental so as to help progressively complex capacities. The significant advance will be to pick the best channels of circulation and make business associations so as to sell Smart Cars. Be that as it may, before sending out vehicles into Germany, Anna’s Car should experience custom systems which includes rounding out client statements. Besides, the organization should guarantee it conveys a CE (â€Å"Communaute Europeenne† which represents European Community) denoting that â€Å"indicates that the particular party has effectively evaluated the merchandise for consistence with European security guidelines which must be joined by a marked Declaration of Conformity (DoC)† (German Business Portal, 2010). When selling items in Germany, Anna’s Car should pay esteem included assessment †VAT †that all business people who are occupied with business that is creating salary need to pay. Remote Direct Investment Anna’s Car may likewise pick a choice of self development through putting resources into building and setting up branches and assembling offices in Germany, rather than creating vehicles in the USA. This type of market passage would prompt increment in benefits because of the qualification of tax break that is given to the individuals who are keen on outside direct interest in Germany. In any case, Anna’s Car initially would need to put a great deal of cash in opening up manufacturing plants and deals workplaces and commit a lot of time before the business is built up in that nation. Fortunately Germany has an inviting mentality towards outside organizations that are keen on direct venture. The German market is open for interests in for all intents and purposes each industry segment, particularly in the automobile fabricating industry. As per the Trade Invest â€Å"German law sees no difference amongst Germans and outside nationals with respect to speculations or the foundation of organizations. The lawful structure for FDI in Germany â€Å"favors the standard of opportunity of outside exchange and payment† (FDI, 2010). Truth be told, there are an ever increasing number of universal organizations that find Germany because of its security and compensating venture area. The UNCTAD World Investment Prospects Survey 2009-2011 affirms Germanys notoriety as one of the most alluring business areas in mainland Europe. Germany positions second inside the EU-15, and seventh globally in the â€Å"most appealing business areas in the significant districts 2008-2010 categoryâ€Å"(American Chamber of Commerce, 2010). The Trade Invest clarifies that review on the engaging quality of the European financial territory (2010) likewise shows that Germany is the main business area in Europe and even the number five around the world. In light of this, it will be profitable for Anna’s Car to work together in Germany. Diversifying Anna’s Car is assessing an alternative of purchasing an establishment of Toyota, Nissan, or Suzuki in Japan. That path there will be less possibility of disappointment in the event that something turns out badly as Anna’s Car would purchase a built up business that has been extremely effective. Insights show that â€Å"franchises have a vastly improved potential for success of progress than individuals who start autonomous organizations; free organizations stand a 70 to 80 percent possibility of NOT enduring the initial not many basic years while franchisees have a 80 percent possibility of surviving† (Coltman, 2009). Likewise, Anna’s Car would get a great deal of help with beginning the business and running it a while later which would be important as the organization will perform activities in a remote nation cap has various principles, culture just as language. Anna’s Car would get all the hardware, supplies and guidance or preparing expected to begin the business. In the event that the dealings work out in a good way, the organization would be additionally ready to get continuous preparing or help with the board and advertising (for example, parent company’s national showcasing efforts). Supplies and stock will cost not exactly if Annaâ€℠¢s Car was running an autonomous organization. The exploration shows that â€Å"franchising in Japan has demonstrated a consistent development: the diversifying framework has been perceived by the Japanese society as a device of advancement and improvement for the economy of the country† (Info Franchise, 2007). Beginning diversifying in Japan might be very simple as the diversifying framework isn't as directed †there is no compelling reason to get permit and register or record a report to turn into a franchisor. Notwithstanding, regardless of such opportunity, Anna’s Car should know about the Medium-Small Retail Business Promotion Act that upholds a few guidelines, explicitly the duty arrangements. Moreover, Anna’s Car will have the option to rely on the Japan Franchise Association (JFA) that comprises of driving Japanese franchisors and organizations which are keen on diversifying and whose reason for existing is to give assistance and backing to each business person that needs to begin diversifying in that nation. Joint Venture Another choice of entering the Japanese market can be a joint endeavor where accomplices share responsibility for recently made business. The benefits of such passage advertise for Anna’s Car would utilize the ownership’s experience about new market condition, speed, sharing of assets, high benefits, and influence. The joint endeavor would likewise empower accomplices to consolidate their qualities so they can be increasingly fruitful in business. Notwithstanding, there are a few dangers that should be considered as well. For instance, joint endeavor accomplices share the awards as well as any misfortunes or there might be a likely clash between accomplices which more often than not emerge out of social contrasts. The primary concern for Anna’s Car before going into a joint endeavor will guarantee that its advantages are appropriately reflected in the joint endeavor understanding (the board obligations, investor rights, and leave techniques in the event that one of the accomplice chooses to leave) and that this understanding will be enforceable under Japanese law. Decisions Anna’s Car has an extraordinary capability of getting effective in Germany and Japan, particularly in times while ensuring nature has gotten so significant in pretty much every nation on the planet. The organization needs to choose which showcase section technique is the most reasonable for it by right off the bat assessing its general system, current assets just as upper hand. Since various districts offer various points of interest just as deterrents, Anna’s Car should have the option to adjust and adapt in those two nations. Additionally, keeping the particular guidelines of entering an outside nation will be urgent in ensuring that the organization doesn’t get in a difficult situation with the law.

The Gifts of Investigation Essay Example for Free

The Gifts of Investigation Essay From the beginning of time there have been different gossipy tidbits that King Richard III killed his two nephews known as the sovereigns of the pinnacle. At the point when Detective Alan Grant got a representation of Richard Plantagenet, his longing to unravel the puzzle was topped. As Grant explores the claims against Plantagenet, a wealth of data was recouped. Alan Grant’s capacity to make shrewd determinations, see an assortment of points of view, and completely break down the data permitted him to explain the puzzle. Alan Grant finds and gets a plenty of data during his examination. He starts his examination by mentioning data from everybody that he interacted with about the rulers of the pinnacle and King Richard III. Award was educated a few times that the rulers were covered with a cushion. During his pursuit, he gets data from a few assets, for example, course books from the â€Å"Amazon† and chronicled accounts, he saw numerous irregularities. For instance, he discovered that More was just five years when Richard III rose to the seat and eight years of age when Richard III kicked the bucket, along these lines his authentic record must be gossip data. Nonetheless, Grant respected data by Miss Ellis and proof that was authenticated by a few observers. As Grant investigated the points of view of his sources, he came to see that the inclination of the source profoundly influenced the data. Criminologist Alan Grant’s capacity to figure out which data was dependable and questionable helped him during the time spent fathoming this puzzle. While Grant audits his sources’ accounts, he had the option to see through their eyes. In this novel, Alan Grant sees the points of view of Cicely Neville, Richard III, and King Henry VII. As Grant peruses the record of Cicely, he gets familiar with Richard’s character. The analyst discovered that â€Å"In Richard’s saint adoring eyes, everything Edward did had consistently been right† (60) and Richard profoundly loved his sibling. As Carradine and Grant read King Richard III’s letter, it became obvious that Richard’s â€Å"instinct to see a companion cheerful was evidently more noteworthy than his sense for revenge† (129). They likewise found that Richard was by and by limited by his steadfastness (97). Grant’s perspective on his sources’ points of view permitted him to pick up moreâ information about Richard’s character and conduct. In the start of the Daughter of Time, Detective Grant gets a representation of King Richard III. As he broke down the picture, he accepted that Richard managed profound distress and needed stifled contempt. With Grant’s recently discovered disclosure, he ignores data that said that covetousness and envy solidified Richard III’s heart. All things considered, Alan Grant started taking a gander at suspects who had a lot to pick up by the demise of the rulers. Henry VII brought a bill of attainder before Parliament which blamed King Richard III for oppression and remorselessness however neglected to make reference to the homicide in this way persuading the sovereigns were not dead by then. As Grant and Carradine completely explored King Henry VII’s activities during his rule, numerous eccentricities were recouped. Inside eighteen months of Henry’s rising to the seat, he sent his significant other, Elizabeth to a religious community and endeavored to nullify the Titulus Regius which made Elizabeth an authentic possibility as Edward IV’s little girl and beneficiary evident. Award and Carradine started following Henry’s trail of obliteration and saw that Tyrrel got a palace for administrations rendered and given two exculpates inside one month. This made Tyrrel a prime suspect of the homicide of the rulers requested by Henry VII. As Grant and Carradine kept on breaking down the gathered data, the realities and occasions started to fall set up. Alan Grant had a one of a kind capacity to ignore temperamental data and to completely break down information drove him to precisely derive the culprit’s character. By considering the attributes of King Richard III through other’s viewpoints, Grant had the option to wiped out Richard as a suspect on account of his absence of thought process. In any case, Grant saw the impossible to miss activities of King Henry VII during his rule that him to find that Tyrrell was requested to kill the rulers by Henry. A careful examination of the data gathered and the predisposition of the chronicled accounts were the key this fruitful examination. Works Cited Tey, Josephine. The Daughter of Time. New York City: Simon Schuster New York, 1995. Print.

Opinion Essay Writing - Writing In A Friendly Tone

Opinion Essay Writing - Writing In A Friendly ToneOpinion essay writing is something that everyone needs to get into the habit of doing. After all, people write all the time. It is a huge part of the human activity. The way that you write will tell people more about you than most people realize.Opinion essay writing is not something that you will need to do often if you are a serious writer. If you have your own opinion you can write them in journals can come out all the time. The Internet is another place where you can get writing done. You can even do it all on the computer.The opinion essay writing that you do should be well written and very informative. This is a very difficult style of writing for many people. Some people can't seem to get it right. But there are some good articles out there that can help you learn to make this style of writing work for you.When I was first looking for advice on how to make this style of writing work, I discovered that there were a lot of resour ces for free article writers. And one of the best places for these free articles was in the article directory sites. One thing that I learned was that I should always write in a neutral or friendly tone when I was writing an article for an article directory. This is not necessarily the same thing as being an empathetic person.Many times people will write in a friendly and neutral tone when they are writing for an opinion essay writing website. That is just what you need to do. You need to write like the people who visit that site are writing for you so that you can focus your writing on information that they are looking for.There is also a good reason why you want to write in a friendly tone. It tells the reader that they can come away with positive feelings. I know that is one of the most important things that you need to do in any type of writing.It may not be a good idea to use a neutral tone for the entire essay. It can be a good idea to add in a bit of humor if the subject matt er is light and humorous. Most people don't like to read something that is dry and scholarly. That is why you should keep it light.But if you want to write a more serious essay on a serious topic you should use a more formal tone. You may want to also make sure that the topics that you choose are different from each other. This way you can have more variety in your opinions. You can always change the topic if you find something that you really enjoy writing about.

Is Amir a person we can look to for moral guidance (Kite...

Daffa February 26, 2013 9C Language A Word count: 843 Essay title: In Amir, has Hosseini created a character that we can look to for moral guidance? In the book, The Kite Runner, Hosseini was able to put us, the readers in Amir’s shoes as he takes us through his journey of self-discovery and his seemingly endless fight for redemption. In a way, it seems that Hosseini is portraying Amir as a character that we should look up to for moral guidance. The development and changes in Amir’s personality and ideologies was clearly shown as the plot develops, as the setting changes, and as Amir grows older. One of the factors that make us think and behave the way we behave is the society. Of course,†¦show more content†¦He lacked the qualities of a hero; he exhibits his cowardice. Like for example he wont stand up for Hassan when Assef bullied him, or when he was raped. When baba stood up for a man’s wife in the bus, Amir didn’t thought about helping the woman, but he sat back, watched while thinking what will he do if baba is gone (?). As the story progress, Amir matured and his personalities have changed. He also showed characteristics of a Hero; which was courage, like when he went back to Afghanistan to save Sohrab. So I believe that Amir is a character that we can look to for moral guidance. Even though in the early stages, he hasn’t shown that he has good morals, we can learn how people around us affects our ideologies the way we think. I believe what Hosseini is trying to point out isn’t about Amir having the perfect morals, but rather its how he develops a strong moral sense; and he was able to successfully deliver thatShow MoreRelatedSummary Of The Kite Runner 957 Words   |  4 PagesI believe there were many instances of conflict in The Kite Runner revolving around Amir, the main character and narrator. He dealt with the struggle with himself for years after making Hassan and his father leave Amir’s home, He dealt with the struggle to win his father’s approval until his father died, and he struggled with God by the end of the book. In Khaled Hossenini’s novel, The Kite Runner, Amir struggles with conflict from a mistake and a hardship from his childho od which effects him theRead MoreReligion And Faith Are Essential For Survival1828 Words   |  8 PagesFaith are Essential for Survival The power that religion posses has been taught from mankind s existence, it can be lead to justice or oppression but not all are connected to a religion various lifestyles have different explanations of cause, focus and direction. The importance role of religion and faith in one s life, as depicted in the fictional novel of Khaled Hosseini, The Kite Runner is portrayed through characters and events. Firstly the strength of a relationship is dependent upon the religiousRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini1788 Words   |  8 Pagesthat religion poses has been introduced through mankind s existence, and can lead to justice or oppression. Although all forms of justice or oppression may not be connected through religious aspects, there are several incidences through which religion may reveal cause, focus, and direction. The important role of religion and faith is portrayed through characters and events in Khaled Hosseini s fictional novel, The Kite Runner. Firstly, the strength o f a relationship is dependent upon the religiousRead MoreEthics And Virtue Ethics By Russ Shafer Landau1791 Words   |  8 PagesThe life of a person may be measured in years, moments, and the number of laughs or cries but what if one were to measure a life on good deeds or on that person’s virtues? The theory and idea of ethics and virtue as conceptualized by the Greek philosopher Aristotle in Nicomachean Ethics and as it is expressed in the pages of The Fundamentals of Ethics by Russ Shafer-Landau is a complex and dubious notion. It is one that is easily related to characters in Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner. More specifically

The Challenges Of Taking Care Of An Infant - 1215 Words

People always think that once you have a kid, it will be all sunshine and daisies. Maybe sometimes it can be like that, but not always. There are joys and challenges with everything in life. Many people have different ways of describing the joys or challenges of taking care of an infant, for example, some people would find that first outing as a joy and some people find it as a challenge. Men and Women both have perspectives with how they raise their children, whether together or as a single parent. I have no experience in raising a child, my parents were always around when my little brother was born, and I also wasn’t the oldest child. I didn’t really help raise my brother, but we are still very close. I asked my mom, dad, and my aunt about their experiences with joys and challenges with raising an infant. The women provided more information for me to use, but their joys and challenges were similar. My dad said he sort of felt helpless in raising infants, he couldn’t really do anything. He couldn’t breastfeed us kids, and my mom wouldn’t let him do a lot of the things needed for an infant, then they had my brother and he started helping out more. He also had trouble sorting out the different patterns for each child. Figuring out the different sleeping patterns and the food we liked, or what calmed each baby down. Also, of course with every child there is a struggle with finances, which is a problem. Before, you have a child, you should plan ou t the finances, but if theShow MoreRelatedNeonatal Intensive Care Unit ( Nicu )1579 Words   |  7 Pagesin and out of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) with my family over the course of a month, I developed an interest in its operation. Being a neonatologist became my leading occupation of interest. I chose to further research this topic in hopes of finding out whether or not this is the career path for me. In my research paper, I plan to go into further detail about the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), common medical conditions found in premature infants, how to react and treat these medicalRead MoreEssay On Early Infant And Toddlers1451 Words   |  6 Pagescomponent of costs for early infant and toddler care centers (Marshall et al., 2004). For teachers to stay invested in the children they teach and care for, they must be fairly compensated to maintain the high quality of care. According to a study in Massachusetts, 72 percent of typical full-time, full-year center expenditures go toward labor (Marshall, et al., 2004). In dollar amounts, â€Å"average expenditures per child care hour were $4.42 for centers serving infants and $4.28 for centers servingRead MoreMothers And Their Newborn Babies Care After Discharge : A Review Of Supporting Maternal Transition : Continuity, Coaching1196 Words   |  5 Pages Mothers and Their Newborn Infants Care After Discharge: A Review of Supporting Maternal Transition: Continuity, Coaching, and Control Paulette Dongmo Nanfack Kennesaw State University Overview The postpartum period represents a significant transition in women s lives. This critical period of adjustment is characterized by many physical, emotional, and psychological changes that influence women s experiences, adaptation, health, and wellness. Most stressors in the puerperalRead MoreHealth Promotion Strategies Used By Nurses As Guidance For Assessment And Alleviation Of Risk Factor For Diseases Essay1471 Words   |  6 Pagespostpartum period. 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NICU nurses struggle with life and death situations each and everyday, which is sure to be accompanied by specific emotionsRead MoreQuality Of Care For Maternal And Newborn Health1265 Words   |  6 PagesProfessor Surles Health Quality Quality of care for maternal and newborn health has been an agenda that has been neglected. Many women experience disrespectful, abusive, or neglectful treatment during child birth in facilities.Woman autonomy are being violated, leaving women without the choice to seek the proper maternal health care services.Quality care for women and newborns morality has been seeking less attention.issues with quality of care must improve deaths of mothers and newborns hasRead MoreInfancy, School Age, early Adulthood1137 Words   |  5 Pagesadult, a mother of an infant, and a school age child covering three stages of development. Infancy – Clarissa The first stage of development reflects a period of total dependency by the child. The infant cannot survive without a guardian. The central issue evolving in this stage is centered around trust vs. mistrust. During this stage, infants must learn that adults can be trusted. This occurs when adults meet a childs basic needs for survival. If infants are treated cruellyRead MoreColonialism and the Indigenous Australians1151 Words   |  5 Pagesmarginalisation and low socioeconomic status experienced by indigenous Australian. An analysis of Aboriginal infant mortality rate, a health indicator highlights the difference between biomedical and sociological approach and the embedded negative impact of social marginalisation and low socioeconomic status on the health of Indigenous Australians. The essay will first explore the significance of Indigenous infant mortality and a biomedical approach to the issue. Contrasts between biomedical and sociologicalRead MoreErik Erikson s Life Span Development Theory1269 Words   |  6 Pagescrisis in each stage was realized or not. Infancy (Trust vs. Mistrust) Erikson’s first stage of development focuses on infants, from birth to one year of age, and is what he calls the trust vs. mistrust stage. During this stage, the main crisis infants face is learning to trust, as they are now fully reliant on an individual to care for all of their needs. In order for an infant to develop trust, they need to consistently have their needs met by their caretaker. This trust helps a child to developRead MorePersuasive Speech : Breastfeeding Infants Essay861 Words   |  4 PagesTopic: Breastfeeding Infants General Purpose: Motivational Specific Purpose: The purpose of this speech is to motivate my audience by discussing the problems, solutions, and potential outcomes of breastfeeding infants. INTRODUCTION: Attention Step: According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, in 2013 in the state of Georgia, only 6.2% of infants were exclusively breastfeed by the age of 6 months. Establish Need /Relevance: Breastfeeding is beneficial to the infant, the parents, and

Characterization of Montressor - 805 Words

Characterization Of Montressor In The Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allen Poe, the dark side of human nature is exemplified through the character of Montresor and his victim, Fortunato. Montresor is a manipulative and vengeful person. These characteristics lead to the death of Fortunato, a man who has wronged him. Through the acts, words, and the thoughts of the character, one is able to see him carry out his plan for revenge. upon each other by chance, or so it is made to seem. The setting is lively and jubilant at the carnival. It then moves to the catacombs of Montresors home. It is a place of doom where The story takes place in Italy at a carnival where Montresor and Fortunato happen skeletons lie against damp walls covered in†¦show more content†¦It was exactly the opposite; Fortunato was friendly and helpful towards Montresor. From the very beginning of the story, one can obviously see that Montresor thinks that he has been wronged by Fortunato. His plan for vengeance is easily seen through his actions and his thoughts. He had a weakShow MoreRelatedThe Cask Of Amontillado By Neil Gaiman925 Words   |  4 PagesPoe’s â€Å" The Cask of Amontillado† show examples of using this literary device and how it affects the story. Not only does the use of flashback give insight to the character’s background and motivation ,but also affects both stories in tone and characterization. Neil Gaiman’s short story takes place thirty years in the past. Gaiman uses flashback to create tone and suspense. The story begins with two young friends on the way to a party together. However, Gaiman causes the reader to question what willRead MoreShort Story Theme Of Eve In Darkness1344 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom the word sin went away (Lass 23-24). Short Story Title: The Necklace Short Story Theme: Greed will get you nowhere. The theme of this short story is that greed will get you nowhere. This theme was revealed by the author through the characterization in the story. The main character, Madame Loisel, showed many qualities of this theme. For example, the story explained that she had suffered from the poorness of her house (Lass). This gives the hint that she wanted more than the poor houseRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allen Poe s The Cask 1563 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent gothic elements throughout this story create an irresistible and suspenseful story that displays Poe s many talents and gothic techniques (Dougherty). The Tell Tale Heart is another great literary example of how Poe incorporated gothic characterizations throughout his works (May). Poe s The Tell ­Tale Heart relays a horrific feeling of suspense and insanity. This story opens by indicating that the narrator is mad and very sick with a disease. Whenever the narrator glances a particular oldRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado, By Edgar Allan Poe1776 Words   |  8 PagesThe purpose of the short stories â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†, â€Å"El Tonto del Barrio†, and â€Å"Cathedral† is to explore the concepts of prominence in religion driven by symbolism, characterization, and theme used to manipulated the reader’s analytical views. Christianity plays an imperative role on all three short stories by the author’s through their descriptive scenarios symbolizing a religious ideology. Edgar Allan Poe’s use of religion as a hidden message in â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† is portrayed through

The Marketing and Management of DBS Bank Free Sample for Students

Question: Write a Research Report, Analyse and Evaluate a Major Banking Institution in Singapore. Answer: Introduction DBS Bank Ltd. is a multinational banking as well as the multinational financial services organisation. The headquarter of this corporation is at Marina Bay, Singapore. This corporation is known as The Development Bank of Singapore Limited. As per the statement of Wu et al., (2016), it can be stated that DBS bank has a greater reflection on the changing role of the regional bank. The bank was developed by the Singaporean Government in 1968 to take over the industrial financing operations from the context of Economic Development Board. On the other hand, it can be mentioned that DBS bank has the branches and offices in China, Hong Kong, Dubai, Indonesia, Japan, Thailand, Myanmar, South Korea, United Kingdom and United States (Bart et al., 2013). DBS bank has started to release its internet banking consumers a Dual Factor Authentication device and it is helpful to assist the thwarting phishing attacks. In addition, in the year of 2012, the DBS bank has started a new generation IB secured device as the share of the financial industry-wide initiative for safer online banking experience. In this connection, it can be stated that this device has the stronger authentication capabilities and it provides to the users with additional layer of security against the potential threats and functioning. Sarpong et al. (2016), opined that the DBS bank has a total of 2.4 million internet-banking users within the country in the year 2013. Therefore, this study is helpful to identify the market segmentation, target consumers and the position of the bank in the market of Singapore. On the other hand, this study will also discuss the product as well as the market orientation of the bank. This banking sectors value proposition will also be discussed. Moreover, the competitors of this bank will be identified in this context. Segmenting, targeting and positioning of the bank As opined by Saiti (2016), it can be mentioned that market segmentation is the procedure of dividing the broad customers or the business market into sub-groups of customers. In this connection, it can be stated that those segments are likely to be profitable or those have the growth potential, would be chosen for the special attention and they would be the target markets (Johri, 2014). With the help of consumer segmentation, the wealth management of DBS bank has increased the income by 18 percent to SGD 924 million and the SME banking income grew by 11 percent to SGD 1.37 percent. It is known that the DBS bank is the largest banking sector of Asia. Market segmentation is the common marketing practice, which break down the larger target market of this banking organisation into smaller as well as manageable market segments in order to improve the market efficiency, sales, and service. In this purpose, the DBS bank offers the standard checking and the savings of the banking products. Ray and Ghosh (2014) cited that high end savings is the step up from the savings consumers and the standard checking of DBS bank. Investment and loans are the fast-growing segmentation of DBS bank. In this connection, it can be mentioned that home loans, equity loans are the most popular section of bank lending (Migdadi, 2014). DBS bank is targeting to deliver consistent income growth. Therefore, the income growth of DBS bank has increased by SGD 8.93 billion. This bank also targets to be cost effective for investing their growth and the cost income ratio. DBS bank has also planned t o improve the returns on equity by 12 percent. It is known that the DBS bank focused on the strong growth in the corporate banking as well as the wealth management.DBS bank utilised their knowledge in the sectors such as commodities and the regional connectivity in order to encourage the consumers cross-border financial necessity. According to Taskiran, Yilmaz and Bolat (2014), a larger distribution network will serve affluent individuals better services for improving the positioning. Therefore, this will improve the garnering the extra cash management mandates. On the other hand, DBS bank also has planned to open four more branches and has planned to take the guidelines for subsidising for their rapid development. Product and market orientation In order to improve the performance of this banking sector, DBS bank has started several featured products and services program. In this context, DBS bank has started DBS multiplier programme. As per this programme, the management of the bank would reward each of the relationships. This proves that they give values to the consumers and also give valuation to their requirements and necessities (Salazar, Barbosa Rocha, 2014). In this essence, the banking authority would allow to the consumers to get a higher interest up to 2.68 per cent with the organisation. Therefore, the middle-income group people of Asia aimed to the fast becoming customers, travellers and the investors. On the other hand, DBS bank has started DBS multi-currency account. With the help of this programme, the consumers can save and transact efficiently in 12 currencies as well as the Singapore dollar within one account. Therefore, the consumers would get the benefit in case of shopping. They can use DBS debit card up to 11 foreign currencies with no foreign exchange fees. Therefore, Zammit (2015) mentioned that the foreign currency transaction will be debited from the account of foreign currency wallet directly. Lastly, it can be added that DBS bank has started the iBanking and the digibank operation. Din this context, it can be mentioned that DBS iBanking provides the consumers freedom in order to control their money anytime and anywhere as per their necessity. With the help of iBanking, the consumers of DBS bank would be able to connect with 130 services (dbs.com, 2017). Companys value proposition A value proposition is a type of marketing statement, which is used by the organisation in order to highlight why a customer buy the banking policy. In this connection, DBS bank has aimed to invest SGD 250 million in the next five years and the bank authority has allowed the consumers to take wealth management in the country like Asia to the next level. This policy has implemented for improving the consumers, the banking products etc. As per the statement of Rajkumar and Maheshwar (2015), it can be stated that DBS bank mainly focused to the financial strength. They broaden their value proposition in line as per the necessity of the consumers through the markets. In Singapore, DBS bank is making partnership with the consumers association and also with the SAFRA in order to offer debit cards and credit cards, which combine the payment convenience, membership advantage and the rewards. By carrying one card, the consumers would enjoy several functionalities (Ziaee, 2014). On the other hand, it can be mentioned that it is not unusual for the banks to take a siloed goods view during the dealing time with the consumers. With the help of several multiplier programs, DBS bank includes a holistic view of the consumers association. This bank also tried to rewards the loyal consumers by providing them higher rate of interest for the deposits while the engagement with the consumers would increase. Moreover, Iqbal and Molyneux (2016), opined that DBS bank has launched home loan solutions for the consumers along with unique flexi loan concepts in India. Therefore, the consumers would be able to reduce the mortgage interest payments with the rising of the balance in their connection with current account. On the other hand, it can be mentioned that DBS bank also started the home loans in Indonesia with a special focus on the treasures consumers. Furthermore, it can be added that in Hong Kong, DBS bank quickly introduce a holistic collection of RMB-associated goods, help to the consumers captures opportunities increasing from the rising internationalisation of currency (Oyewole, Abba El-maude, 2013). Companys differentiation Due to the relative easiness of starting a new digital organisation and also attracts the larger pay-offs, there are willing to be a new player in the market of digital space. One player will achieve a dominated market share and leave less market place for the others. It is helpful to move into the marketing space, which has not directly observed competition from the point of the developed players. As opined by Mermod (2015), it can be stated that DBS bank are likely to get higher returns from the earnings constraining regulatory atmosphere and the tight monetary policy regime. DBS banks now focused to the traditional banking such as the savings accounts as well as the project financing in order to develop the schemes to attract more consumers. More precisely, it can be mentioned that service differentiation and the product differentiation is the technique in the banking sector. In this connection, KH, AG and Shahida (2014) cited that short-lived product differentiation is helpful for taking higher challenges. Consumers necessity, wants and demands In order to differentiate the services of DBS bank within an industry as commoditised as banking, the bank put the consumers at the centre of all. This refers that the consumers needs and offer better products, greater convenience and the superior experience. On the other hand, in order to increase the satisfaction level of the consumers, DBS bank has aimed to start consumer loyalty program. The consumers, who are maintaining a long-term relationship with the bank, would be able to receive awards. Therefore, the consumers are willing to take the services from these banks (Rahman, 2014). The easiest description of needs is the actual human requirements from DBS bank and they want to improve their economic well-being. Consumers want is not permanent and it changes regularly. Therefore, it can be stated that a want is a good or service by the service takers, which is not needed for the survival. Lastly, consumers demand is the willingness to purchase a service, which is demanded for the need or also for the want for the DBS banking policies and services. In addition, the banking authority has aimed to the DBS banking privacy policy for the consumers. In this context, it can be added that the consumers would not like to public their personal information. Therefore, the DBS bank keep private the personal profiles of the individuals such as name, contact details, passport details, education details, date of birth, identity bank, financial details such as income, expenses and the credit history etc. DBS bank also keeps tax and the insurance information (Ahmadalinejad Hashemi, 2015). Furthermore, the banking authority manages the risk profile, investment objectives, knowledge and the experience of the service takers. On the other hand, as the consumers are willing to avail the banking transaction through online, therefore, the DBS bank has allowed to the consumers the service of mobile banking. According to Kurila, Lazuras and Ketikidis (2016), mobile banking is easily accessible. The service takers do not need to visit to the bank physically. In this connection, it can be mentioned that the DBS bank tried to maintain security in the function of mobile banking. In this context, the bank information would be guarded with the passwords and the bank ID. For making the transaction through online, the banking sector would not take any additional charges from the consumers and they would become satisfied. Saiti (2016) opined that the consumers only need to download the banking app in their smart phone. As a result, it can be observed that the sales of DBS banking have increased by 50 per cent from the previous. Factors influencing buying behaviour In the opinion of Johri (2014), it can be stated that there are five common factors, which influence the consumers purchasing behaviour. They are marketing campaign, economic conditions, personal preferences, group influence and the purchasing power. Advertisements play a major role to influence the purchasing behaviour of the consumers. It is known that sometimes the consumers would not be able to know about the services, which would newly launch. Therefore, advertisement would be effective to make aware about the policies or the services of DBS bank. Therefore, it can be inferred that advertisement can attract the consumers willingness to take the policies. DBS bank has started health insurance policies for the consumers (Ray Ghosh, 2014). It can be mentioned that economic conditions positively influence the consumer spending decisions. Consumers purchasing behaviour is also influenced by the personal preferences of the consumers such as it is depending on the priorities and the moral values. In this context, it can be added that DBS bank also requires identifying the consumers perception in order to increase the sale of the bank (Migdadi, 2014). In this connection, the bank also requires to identify the consumers requirement and requires to focus on the factors. Therefore, the consumers would like to purchase the products from the organisation. Nature and level of competition As per the statement of Taskiran, Yilmaz and Bolat (2014), it can be mentioned that DBS bank of Singapore has been operating in the competitive market. Therefore, it can be mentioned that there are large number of buyers and sellers in the Singapore market. The consumers would like to purchase the product at a certain prices. The consumers also have perfect information regarding the banking policies and the services. Rajkumar Maheshwar (2015) opined that all of the banks used to sale perfectly homogeneous products to the service takers. Therefore, it can be added that the qualities and the characteristics of the goods would not vary between the different suppliers. The major competitors of DBS bank are Oversea (Chinese Banking Corporation Limited), HSBC and the Standard Chartered Bank. On the other hand, in order to increase the sales of the organisation, DBS bank start implement innovation in their services. In the words of Iqbal Molyneux (2016), it can be mentioned that DBS bank has strong market position in the country like Singapore.It is noted that DBS bank used to serve their service over 4 million consumers and this organisation is present across 15 nations. Oyewole, Abba and El-maude (2013) opined that DBS bank has positive outlook in the asset management industry. On the contrary, Mermod (2015) argued that DBS bank has lower penetration in the markets of Europe and America. This would reduce the sales of this particular banking sector. In addition, a major portion of revenue generates from the consumer banking, asset management and also from the treasury. Less revenue generate from other offerings. Conclusion The overview of the research is to discuss the organisational performance of DBS bank. It is the Asias largest bank. After analysing the study, it can be observed that there are three major competitors of DBS bank in the perfectly competitive market of banking industry. On the other hand, in order to attract the consumers willingness, DBS bank has started iBanking and digiBanking. This would satisfy the consumers satisfaction level and the sales of this bank have increased. On the other hand, this study is also helpful to discuss the market orientation. The market segmentation and the targeting of this bank has also described in this study. References About DBS Bank Asias Safest Bank - Singapores Bank of Choice | DBS Bank. (2017).Dbs.com. Retrieved 4 April 2017, from https://www.dbs.com/about-us/default.page Ahmadalinejad, M., Hashemi, S. M. (2015). A National Model to Supervise on Virtual Banking Systems through the Bank 2.0 Approach.Advances in Computer Science: an International Journal,4(1), 83-93. Bart, T., Boo, M., Balabanova, S., Fischer, Y., Nicoloso, G., Foeken, L., ... Kurtzberg, J. (2013). Impact of selection of cord blood units from the United States and Swiss registries on the cost of banking operations.Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy,40(1), 14-20. Iqbal, M., Molyneux, P. (2016).Thirty years of Islamic banking: History, performance and prospects. Johri, S. (2014). Core Banking-Redefining Banking OperationsA Critical.JSSGIW JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT, 107. KH, K., AG, I., Shahida, S. (2014). Deriving priorities on the economic objectives and social objectives of islamic banking: The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach. Kurila, J., Lazuras, L., Ketikidis, P. H. (2016). Message framing and acceptance of branchless banking technology.Electronic Commerce Research and Applications,17, 12-18. Mermod, A. Y. (2015). Customer's Perspectives and Risk Issues on E-Banking in Turkey; Should We Still be Online?.The Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce,2011. Migdadi, Y. K. A. A. (2014). Identifying the best practices in banking operations strategy in developing economics: the case of Jordan.International Journal of Business Excellence,8(1), 38-84. Oyewole, O. S., Abba, M., El-maude, J. G. (2013). E-banking and bank performance: Evidence from Nigeria.International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology (IJSET),2(8), 766-771. Rahman, H. (2014). Training and Job Satisfaction for organizational effectiveness: A case study from the banking sector.Central European Business Review, (1), 27-34. Rajkumar, R., Maheshwar, G. (2015). INNOVATIVE BANKING-A SOLUTION FOR SUSTAINABLE BANKING IN INDIA.Trends, Challenges Innovations in Management, 270. Ray, N., Ghosh, D. (2014). Internet Service Quality (I-Sq) Dimensions and their Impact on Customer Satisfaction: Case from Banking Industry.Asian Journal of Research in Banking and Finance,4(8), 212-221. Saiti, B. (2016). Islamic Banking Operations. Salazar, F., Barbosa, K., Rocha, B. (2014). Assessing competition in banking industry: a multiproduct approach. Sarpong, G., Joseph, S. T., Boatemaa, M. A., Teye, A. S. (2016). The Effect of Accounting Information System on the Operations of the Banking Industry.MERC Globals International Journal of Social Science Management,3(1), 01-08. Taskiran, N. O., Yilmaz, R., Bolat, N. (2014). The Role of Social Media Strategies in Competitive Banking Operations Worldwide. InGlobal Strategies in Banking and Finance(pp. 304-340). IGI Global. Wu, D. D., Luo, C., Wang, H., Birge, J. R. (2016). Bi?level Programing Merger Evaluation and Application to Banking Operations.Production and Operations Management,25(3), 498-515. Zammit, J. M. (2015).Towards banking union: the single supervisory mechanism and its effect on Maltese significant supervised entities(Master's thesis, University of Malta). Ziaee, M. (2014). Research on the internet and check the status of e-banking in Iran.International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (21), 172-180.

The Myth of Consumerism Essay Example For Students

The Myth of Consumerism Essay Every society has mythology. In some societies, its religion. Our religion is consumerism. Ellen Weis, San Franciscos Museum of Modern Mythology Consumerism fuels the capitalist fire. In a capitalist society, the goal is to make money, by whatever means possible, exploiting whichever potential weakness that might exist. The human race is one with a wild imagination, and this wild imagination, though a great strength, can, like all great strengths, serve as a potential weakness. We will write a custom essay on The Myth of Consumerism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now It is our imaginations that advertising exploits, and it is our imaginations that religion and myth traditionally played the role of satiating, telling stories that have morals to them, lessons to be learned. Now consumerism fulfills this role. The consumer ideology serves as the golden rule, advertising serves as sermons, products serve as our idoltry, and just as religion instills faith at an early age, so too does consumerism. Ellen Weis (qtd. in Advertising Characters 1997) speaks from the perspective of one who is an authority on mythology. Her analogy between religion and consumerism is an accurate one. Undoubtedly, shes referring to this role that consumerism is playing in stimulating our imaginations. It does this by telling us a story, with us playing the lead role, painting a picture of life as being better with the products being sold to us. Our imaginations are carried away by these stories. We want to believe them because they make sense of the world. We want to believe that all it takes to be happy is a trip to the store. This making sense of the world and simplifying to such a triviality is exactly the reason why myths are created. For example, nearly every cigerette ad features a picture of an ideal person smoking their brand, ideal at least by the standards of most people who long to be accepted. For women, the smoker typically has long blonde hair, a beautiful smile, and perfect, white teeth. The ads that best demonstrates this are those for Virginia Slims. For men you have Marlboro with the infamous Marlboro man, who is a rugged, handsome loner out in the countryside with his horse and campfire. The ads seem to say, this could be you. All it takes is a trip to the store and a couple of bucks for a pack. Like all myths, the stories these ads tell have a moral to them. The lesson they teach is: your life can be better with these products or, put another way, you can be a better person with these products. This is the consumer ideology and, just like every religion has some golden rule that pervades all of its lessons, consumerism too has its own golden rule, the consumer ideology. All of its lessons seem to be based upon this underlying assumption that more is better, that we need the things were being sold, and that somehow buying them will make us happier and better people. Of course the medium for these lessons are the ads themselves. Advertising nearly always has some emotional appeal to them. Instead of catering to our intellect and giving us rational reasons why we should consume the products they flaunt, rather they cater to our emotions. What better way to stimulate our imaginations? This is almost directly analogous to the emotional appeal traditionally found in sermons. Especially before our society has become so secular and scientific, sermons were heavily driven by emotion. One heavy emotion that were susceptible to is fear. Fear tactics are used in advertising just as they are in sermons. For example, the Dial soap ads use the slogan, arent you glad you use Dial? Dont you wish everyone did? This slogan seems to assume that the consumer already uses their product which cant possibly be the case because if it were, why would they need to advertise? Thus they seem to be implying that if you arent using Dial, youd sure better redeem yourself quickly before they find out! Similar fear tactics are also used in religious sermons. One extreme example of such sermons are those presented by Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758), like Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, in which he says, for example, that sinners deserve to be cast into hell; so that divine justice . The Myth Of Consumerism Essay Example For Students The Myth Of Consumerism Essay Every society has mythology. In some societies, its religion. Our religion is consumerism.Ellen Weis, San Franciscos Museum of Modern MythologyConsumerism fuels the capitalist fire. In a capitalist society, the goal is to make money, by whatever means possible, exploiting whichever potential weakness that might exist. The human race is one with a wild imagination, and this wild imagination, though a great strength, can, like all great strengths, serve as a potential weakness.It is our imaginations that advertising exploits, and it is our imaginations that religion and myth traditionally played the role of satiating, telling stories that have morals to them, lessons to be learned. Now consumerism fulfills this role. The consumer ideology serves as the golden rule, advertising serves as sermons, products serve as our idoltry, and just as religion instills faith at an early age, so too does consumerism.Ellen Weis (qtd. in Advertising Characters 1997) speaks from the perspective of one who is an authority on mythology. We will write a custom essay on The Myth Of Consumerism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Her analogy between religion and consumerism is an accurate one. Undoubtedly, shes referring to this role that consumerism is playing in stimulating our imaginations. It does this by telling us a story, with us playing the lead role, painting a picture of life as being better with the products being sold to us. Our imaginations are carried away by these stories. We want to believe them because they make sense of the world. We want to believe that all it takes to be happy is a trip to the store. This making sense of the world and simplifying to such a triviality is exactly the reason why myths are created.For example, nearly every cigerette ad features a picture of an ideal person smoking their brand, ideal at least by the standards of most people who long to be accepted. For women, the smoker typically has long blonde hair, a beautiful smile, and perfect, white teeth. The ads that best demonstrates this are those for Virginia Slims. For men you have Marlboro with the infamous ;Marlboro man,; who is a rugged, handsome loner out in the countryside with his horse and campfire. The ads seem to say, ;this could be you. ; All it takes is a trip to the store and a couple of bucks for a pack.Like all myths, the stories these ads tell have a moral to them. The lesson they teach is: your life can be better with these products or, put another way, you can be a better person with these products. This is the consumer ideology and, just like every religion has some ;golden rule; that pervades all of its lessons, consumerism too has its own golden rule, the consumer ideology. All of its lessons seem to be based upon this underlying assumption that more is better, that we need the things were being sold, and that somehow buying them will make us happier and better people.Of course the medium for these lessons are the ads themselves. Advertising nearly always has some emotional appeal to them. Instead of catering to our intellect and giving us rational reasons why we should consume the products they flaunt, rather they cater to our emotions. What better way to stimulate our imaginations? This is almost directly analogous to the emotional appeal traditionally found in sermons. Especially before our society has become so secular and scientific, sermons were heavily driven by emotion.One heavy emotion that were susceptible to is fear. Fear tactics are used in advertising just as they are in sermons. For example, the Dial soap ads use the slogan, ;arent you glad you use Dial? Dont you wish everyone did?; This slogan seems to assume that the consumer already uses their product which cant possibly be the case because if it were, why would they need to advertise? Thus they seem to be implying that if you arent using Dial, youd sure better redeem yourself quickly before they find out! Similar fear tactics are also used in religious sermons. One extreme example of such sermons are those presented by Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758), like Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, in which he says, for example, that sinners deserve to be cast into hell; so that divine justice .

ESL Beginner Reading Comprehension Cooking Dialogue

ESL Beginner Reading Comprehension Cooking Dialogue In this dialogue, you will practice speaking about daily routines by focusing on cooking. Notice that the present simple is used to speak about daily routines. Adverbs of frequency tell us how often we do something and include usually, sometimes, never, etc.. Practice the dialogue with your partner and then interview each other about how you do certain tasks you enjoy. Cooking (At a friends house) Carol: This is a lovely house!Martha: Thank you. Carol, we call it home. Carol: Its very close to work, isnt it?Martha: Yes, it is. I always walk to work - even when it rains! Carol: I usually take the bus. It takes so long!Martha: How long does it take? Carol: Oh, it takes about 20 minutes.Martha: That is a long time. Well, have some cake. Carol: (taking a bite of some cake) this is delicious! Do you bake all of your own cakes?Martha: Yes, I usually bake something at the weekend. I like having sweets in the house. Carol: Youre a wonderful cook!Martha: Thank you, its nothing really. Carol: I never cook. Im just hopeless. My husband, David, usually does all the cooking.Martha: Do you often go out to eat? Carol: Yes, when he doesnt have time to cook, we go out to eat somewhere.Martha: There are some wonderful restaurants in the city. Carol: Too many! You can eat at a different restaurant every day. Monday - Chinese, Tuesday - Italian, Wednesday - Mexican, on and on ... Check your understanding with this multiple choice comprehension quiz. More Dialogue Practice - Includes level and target structures/language functions for each dialogue.

Personal Response Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Response - Personal Statement Example Study proposal is playing a vital role in the success of learning procedure and this scenario is supportive for the public. This is preferred by the educational experts to manage study proposal to provide a shining and satisfactory environment for the learners. This condition is admirable because this is an apt source to produce affirmative consequences with rapidness and success. In other side, those people who are careless in preparation of study proposals are unable to make educational programs effective and efficient for achievement of specific aims and objectives. So, people should use study proposal in their education programs and they should manage these programs with the support of professional persons that are capable to design the relevant scenarios with effectiveness. In the same way, the study proposal should be monitored strictly to attain shining and winning consequences in the social and commercial way of life. Designing of study proposal is essential to make it elegant and charming to attain magnetism of the public highly. For this purpose, adequate designing of building and preparation is essential because this is helpful to create a satisfactory environment which is efficient to manage educational matters with success and accomplishment. Proper decoration of buildings is also essential because this is linked with the public attraction and satisfaction; it is necessary to procure the educational programs with sensation and accomplishment. In the same way, attainment of services of professionals in this matter is also preferred as it is an apt source to make study proposals attractive and shining without any reservation and misgiving in the community. So, it can be stated that study proposal is a likable matter which is admired in the society with proper designing and decoration. Thus, relevant people should take proper interest in it and they should prepare new buildings in proper and ef fective

Flexible Budgets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Flexible Budgets - Essay Example This paper will outline the difference between the two methods of budgeting. Flexible budget records and outlines different information than static budget since it records the daily activities of budgeting and accommodates the accountings entries and activities that are new to the budget system. Unlike static budget which is prepared before the beginning of accounting period, flexible budget is prepared daily and continues till the end of the period (Mowen, 2012). Static budget ensures comparison and variance analysis is done due to presence of actual budget and estimated budget while the flexible budget does not involve comparison of budgets as there is only one budget. A flexible budget is not always better as it does not involve many activities like variance analysis to evaluate the performance of the company. Static budget is usually preferred where a business estimates the budget and wants to compare the difference between the estimated budget and actual budget (Mowen,

Parliamentary Sovereignty Essay Example for Free

Parliamentary Sovereignty Essay With reference to relevant domestic case law outline the â€Å"mechanisms† adopted by the British Courts to maintain the Doctrine of Parliamentary Sovereignty in the context of applying European Law. Particular reference should be made to the cases of Bulmer v Bollinger and Factortame. Parliamentary sovereignty is a fundamental principle in the constitution of the United Kingdom. It is where the Parliament is the supreme legal authority, which has the power to create or end any law. Generally, the courts cannot overrule its legislation and no Parliament can pass a law that a future Parliament cannot change. In the British constitution, a statute is generally regarded as the highest form of the law, therefore Parliament is seen as the sovereign law maker. However the doctrine of Parliamentary sovereignty has been altered and limited by the UK decision to become a member of the European Community in 1973 when the European Communities Act 1972 came into force. Parliament must now legislate consistently with European Community Law. The terms of the European treaties as interpreted by the European Court of Justice require member states to limit their sovereignty, by Parliament giving direct effect and primacy to EU Law. The European Court of Justice states that European Community Law should be enforceable in the courts of member states and that EU law prevails domestic law of member state, which includes the United Kingdom. The ECJ, as the judicial institution of the Community, is the backbone of that system of safeguards. It is responsible for interpreting questions of EC law and provision is made in the Treaty for references to the ECJ by national courts. Decisions of the ECJ, upon a reference, are reached by majority vote and are binding on all domestic courts of all Member States. Under Article 234 the ECJ has achieved the principle of supremacy and its uniform application in all Member States when Community law may be in conflict with domestic legislation. The ECH, as the guardian of legality and instrument of cohesion within the Community, has from the start been in a strong position to define the status of Community law and to gibe it precedence when in conflict with the national legal systems of the various Member states. The first case where the Court made a statement on the nature of European law is the famous case of Van Gend en Loos dealing with the principle of direct effect of EC Treaty provisions and the degree to which individuals can rely on such terms to hallenge measures of national law. It was in a second important case, two years later, however, that the ECJ expanded on its constitutional theory of the Community, declaring again that the states had created a sovereign Community by limiting their own sovereign rights. The case was Costa v Enel, the Court basically decided that community law had supremacy over national law. To this day the judgement is the bedrock of the importance of Community law in all Member States of the European Union. Without this decision Community law would have remained merely international law. Not until the doctrine of supremacy did Community law become truly ‘supranational’ as intended in the European treaties. It was in Bulmer v Bollinger that Lord Denning stated: â€Å"The Treaty of Rome is like an incoming tide. It flows into the estuaries and up the rivers. It cannot be held back. † The early generous and realistic approach was seen in the case of Macarthys v Smith (1981) where Lord Denning discussed the feature between mere inconsistencies and deliberate derogation. Where the incompatibility is inadvertent, he suggested that English Courts should apply EC law, on the assumption that Parliament anticipated to perform its treaty obligations. On the other hand, where the incompatibility was deliberate, he was of the belief that English law should triumph. In this case Lord Denning asserted that â€Å"it has priority. It is not supplanting English law. It is part of our law which overrides any other part which is inconsistent with it. † However, it was not until the Factortame litigation that the true implication on parliamentary sovereignty became noticeable. The cases of R v Secretary of State for Transport Ex Parte Factortame (1989), changed Lord Dennings principle. In this case the UK courts applied for an Article 177 reference. Due to the extensive time it take to respond to reference, the UK applied for an additional ruling asking if they could in the meantime still apply the Act as it conflicted with Articles 52 and 221 of the Treaty of Rome. The ECJ ordered the UK to temporarily suspend the 1988 Act, which the UK parliament had not done before. Therefore, this relentlessly undermined the supremacy of the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty.

Chinese Cuisine - The Food of China Essay examples -- essays research

Chinese Cuisine - The Food of China   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  China’s food is very unique and traditional. Grains are the main food in China. Rice is the favorite grain among the people in the South. In the north, people prefer wheat, which they make in to bread and noodles. Corn millet, and sorghum are also eaten. Vegetables, especially cabbage and Tofu rank second in Chinese diet. Roasted sweet potatoes are a popular snack eaten by the Chinese. Pork and poultry are the favorite meats in China. The people also like eggs, fish, fruit, and shellfish.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chop Suey originated in China. Chop sticks and soup spoons are served as the only utensils at a Chinese meal. Tea is the traditional Chinese beverage. Ice-cream has gained popularity in China. Food from the East and Southeast coastal areas includes fi...

Hunter-gather to settled community Essay

Growth of existing trade routes –Silk Roads, Mediterranean Sea, Trans-Saharan, Indian Ocean—due to innovations and technology (caravans, compass, larger ships, credit) The rise of new trade routes centering on Mesoamerica and the Andes Commercial growth due to new trading organizations (Hanseatic League), and state practices (minting of coins, paper money) and state-sponsored commercial infrastructures such as the Grand Canal of China Trans-Eurasian trade as a result of the expansion of empire (china, Byzantine Empire, Muslim caliphates, Mongols) Cross- Cultural exchanges through existing or new networks of trade and communication. The diffusion of cultural, scientific and technological traditions and new food crops, agricultural techniques, and epidemic diseases (including the Black Death) along Eastern Hemisphere trade routes Byzantine Empire, Chinese dynasties, Islamic states, Mongol Khanates, and feudalism in Europe and Japan The expansion of state systems in the Americas: Mayan city states, Mexica (â€Å"Aztecs†), Inca Technological and cultural transfer between states and empires, including tang China and the Abbasids, across the Mongol Empires,  and during the Crusades Increased agricultural and industrial production in many regions due to technological innovations (such as Chinmpa(floating plants in the water) field systems) the expansions of textile, porcelain, iron and exports from china, Persia and India Revival of urban centers, the rise of commerce and warmer temperatures between 800 and 1300; rising agricultural productivity and population, and the greater availability of labor. Varying forms of labor organization: free peasant agriculture, guild organization, several forms of coerced and unfree labor (serfdom, mit’a, slavery) The spread and diffusion of Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, and Neoconfucianism, and corresponding changes in gender relations and family structure. Intensification of existing regional trade networks, bringing prosperity and economic disruption ot the trading regions of the Indian Ocean, Mediterranean, Sahara, and overland Eurasia. European synthesis of technological developments based on knowledge developed in the classical, Islamic, and Asian worlds – resulting in new tools, ship designs, and understanding of global wind and current patterns. New transoceanic maritime reconnaissance: Zheng He in the Indian Ocean, Portuguese in West Africa, Spanish voyages across the Atlantic and Pacific, European searches for multiple routes to Asia across the North Atlantic A new global circulation of goods driven by mercantilist European monarchies, with worldwide circulation of silver from the Americas, colonial joint-stock companies, and the use of free and unfree laborers mixing African, American, and European cultures and peoples The Columbian Exchange of diseases, foods, and domesticated animals between Eastern and Western hemispheres, with subsequent population increase in Afro-Eurasia but indigenous population loss, deforestation, and soil depletion in the Americas Worldwide innovations in visual and performing arts, such as the Renaissance in Europe (with its accompanying expansion of literacy) A growing global demand for raw materials and finished products, resulting within Africa and the export of slaves to the Mediterranean, Indian Ocean, and the Americas; and a range of coerced labor in American colonial economies (indentured servitude, encomienda system) The formation of new political and economic elites as a result of imperial conquests and widening global economic opportunities, such as the Manchus in China and creole elites in Spanish America Fluctuating power of existing elites such as the nobility in Europe and daimyo in Japan, as a reult of increasingly powerful monarchs and leaders Gender and family restructuring: demographic changes in Arica resulting from the slave trades, the trade relationships of Southeast Asian women and European men, and the smaller size of European families Massive demographic changes in the Americas resulting in new ethnic and racial classifications (mestizo, mulatto, creole) Use of a variety of methods by rulers to legitimize, consolidate, and centralize power – including monumental architecture, urban design, religious ideas (European divine right, Aztec human sacrifice, Songhay promotion of Islam), differential treatment of ethnic and religious groups (Ottoman treatment of non-Muslims), recruitment of bureaucratic elites and military professionals (Ottoman devshirme, Chinese examination system, samurai), tribute collection, and tax farming Increased use of gunpowder, cannons, and armed trade to establish large  empires in both hemispheres: European trading- post empires in Africa and Asia; land empires in China, India, the Middle East, and Eurasia (Manchus, Mughals, Ottomans, Russians) Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, French, and British maritime empires in the Americas Competition over trade routes (Caribbean piracy), state rivalries (Thirty Years War), and local resistance (samurai revolts) challenged state consolidation and expansion

Symptoms And Symptoms Of Bipolar Disorder Essay - 1278 Words

1 HelenKeller541 Physiology October 26, 2016 Abstract: Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder; also referred to as manic depressive disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V, 2013). Bipolar disorder is a depressive disorder with manic episodes, it is placed between the chapters on schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders in recognition of their place as a bridge between the two diagnostics in terms of symptomology, family history, and genetics (DSM-V, 2013). Manic depression is a disease of the brain that causes episodes of severe mood swings that can range from depressive lows to manic highs (Goldberg, 2016). There are two different classifications of bipolar disorder - Bipolar I and Bipolar II. Bipolar I have extreme manic episodes where bipolar II have hypomanic episodes meaning they are less extreme (DSM-V, 2013). To be diagnosed with bipolar disorder- one must have met the criteria for at least one major depressive episode with the symptoms being presen t during the same two week period, they would also have to meet the criteria for a manic episode which may be preceded by and may be followed by hypomanic or major depressive episodes, this criteria can be found in the DSM-V. Doctors and scientist are unsure of the exact cause of symptoms, however relations between biological differences in the brain, an imbalance of neurotransmitters, and inherited traits are believed to be some of the mainShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Symptoms Of Bipolar Disorder706 Words   |  3 PagesBipolar disorder is a serious mental illness that is characterized by changes in mood. It can lead to risky behavior, damage relationships and careers, and even suicidal outcomes if it’s not treated. Bipolar disorder is more common in older teenagers and young adults, it can affect children as young as 6. Women experience more periods of depression than men. More remains to be learned about this condition that affects millions of people. Aretaeus of Cappadocia began the process of detailingRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Bipolar Disorder1454 Words   |  6 PagesOne of the greatly investigated neurological disorders is Bipolar Disorder. Regrettably, due to social stigma, funding issues, and a lack of education, many who are dealing with this disorder do not receive adequate treatment. Bipolar disorder, is also known as manic-depressive illness, it is a brain disorder that causes unusual shifts in mood, energy, and the ability to carry out normal daily tasks. Symptoms of the disorder are severe and diverse from the normal ups and downs that everyone goesRead MoreBipolar Disorder : Symptoms And Symptoms1486 Words   |  6 Pagespeople may think that having bipolar disorder means that anyone with the disorder are just simply put, â€Å"crazy†, I was one of those people but the meanings of those two things couldn’t possibly be any more different. Bipolar disorder is defined as â€Å"A disorder ass ociated with episodes of mood swings ranging from depressive lows to manic highs.†(google.com) â€Å"Bipolar disorder is a chronic illness with recurring episodes of mania and depression†(nami.org). â€Å"The term â€Å"bipolar† — which means â€Å"two poles† signifyingRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Bipolar Disorder1020 Words   |  5 PagesBipolar disorder, formally known as ‘manic depression’, is known for its extreme mood swings; these can last anything from weeks to months and are far more extreme than moods most people would experience. Mood swings include episodes of highs and lows; these are known as mania and depressive episodes. Bipolar is a disorder that affects men and woman equally and affects around 1 in 100 adults. Symptoms usually start during or after adolescents and rarely start after the age of 40 (Royal CollegeRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Bipolar Disorder1648 Words   |  7 PagesBisecting Bipolar Disorde r Introduction and Background Overview 3.9% of adults in the United States are suffering from bipolar disorder as of 2014 according to the National Institute of Mental Health (Jann, 2014). Although rare, it is still a prevalent disease in the realm of mental health and requires special attention from healthcare providers. Bipolar disorder is a lifelong condition described by repeated manic or depressive episodes. Furthermore, due to the extreme mood swings and emotionalRead MoreBipolar Disorder : Symptoms And Symptoms Essay1384 Words   |  6 PagesBipolar disorder is simply defined as a manic depressive illness, which affects a persons mood and energy. However, the way it affects a person’s mood is dramatic and severe. These are severe moods are called episodes of mania and depression, which means a person who suffers from bipolar disorder might be extremely excited and happy one day, and extremely depressed the next day. In some cases, depressive or manic episodes last weeks, and in some cases these episodes la st days. People who suffer fromRead MoreBipolar Disorder : Symptoms And Symptoms1493 Words   |  6 PagesRorman Ms. Chrisman English 10 30 November 2016 Bipolar Disorder If people don’t get enough sleep and miss a meeting, they are just upset, but for people with bipolar disorder, it can trigger another episode to their week. Bipolar Disorder is a brain disorder that can cause shifts in people s mood that are more unusual. Signs and symptoms can be different depending on if the person has manic or depressive episodes. A person with the disorder can also give their family and friends struggles, asideRead MoreBipolar Disorder : Symptoms And Symptoms1390 Words   |  6 Pagesresearch of bipolar disorder will not only describe in detail the symptoms and affects of this mood disorder, but it will also include the advantages, disadvantages of the treatment and medications, and the major role that medications take. Bipolar disorder involves periods of elevated or irritable mood (mania), alternating with episodes of depression (Moore and Jefferson, 2004). The â€Å"mood swings† of mania and depression are very sudden and can happen at anytime any place. Bipolar disorder is categorizedRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Bipolar Disorder1700 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Bipolar disorders, also known as manic depression, are mental disorders characterized by shifting moods between depression and mania (Bressert, 2016). Those with a bipolar disorder, have extreme emotional states called mood periods. In the United States, more than 10 million people have bipolar disorder (Kennedy, 2015). It is lifelong, but can be treated. Although it can easily be treated, once patients choose to stop taking their medication their symptoms worsen. Around 15 percentRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Bipolar Disorder1285 Words   |  6 PagesBipolar Disorder This paper will contain information on what bipolar disorder in early and late adolescence is, causes and symptoms, medical along with therapeutic interventions and how important it really is to get treatment. Bipolar disorder is a disease that affects approximately 2.6% Americans in the United States in a given year. There is limited data on the rate of bipolar in adolescents, although, it does tend to affect older teens more often and may be related to substance abuse. A lot

The Quotation Of Maya Angelou - 1066 Words

1. Quotation and page number: â€Å"If growing up is painful for the Southern Black girl, being aware of her displacement is the rust on the razor that threatens the throat† (Angelou 4) Speaker: Maya Angelou Significance: Maya was supposed to give her Easter speech in a beautiful dress she imagined would make her look like a white movie star. Instead, it was an ugly hand me down and too long for Maya’s liking. Maya was disappointed in her dress because not only was it not what she expected, but she realized she will never look or be treated like a white movie star. The quotation shows that Maya Angelou was aware of the difficulties of African Americans at such a small age. Maya acknowledges the fact that she won’t be treated the same as†¦show more content†¦This quote is important because based on stereotypes developed by other people, black people are violent and rude. Maya would likely have been punished for standing up for her grandmother while the white girls would be sympathized for harassing an elderly woman. Part II Pages 97-192 4. Quotation and page number: â€Å"Words mean more than what is set on paper. It takes the human voice to infuse them with the shades of deeper meaning.† (Angelou 98) Speaker: Mrs. Flowers Significance: Mrs. Flowers connects with Maya trying to get her to talk again. Mrs. Flowers accomplishes her goal by first saying this quote, which gave Maya something to think about. This quote is significant because Mrs. Flowers helped influence Maya to talk again and it was okay to talk and express how she feels and that words were more important said aloud than on paper. Although, both had importance and meaning 5. Quotation and page number: â€Å"It was brutal to be young and already trained to sit quietly and listen to charges brought against my color with no chance of defense.† (Angelou 180) Speaker: Maya Angelou Significance: Maya and the rest of her graduating class are at graduation hoping it will be full of joy and happiness. Instead, they were reminded of how they were â€Å"not capable† to be anything but housewives or basketball players. This quote is significant because it shows howShow MoreRelatedUnfair Ism Or Racism?946 Words   |  4 Pagespresent in the united states since the colonial era or rather said the slave era. In another words African-American at that time were treated unfairly because at that time they were not valuable as a human beings. In the essay ‘’Graduation’’ by Maya Angelou and ‘’Notes of a native son’’ by James Baldwin, One can see how racism and unfairness were present in the society at that time. In ‘’Notes of a native son’’ by James baldwin starts off by saying how his father’s funeral was on his 19th birthdayRead MoreThe Importance of Determination Essay687 Words   |  3 Pagesthe obstacles that stand in their way. â€Å"Mother to Son† by Langston Hughes and â€Å"Still I Rise† by Maya Angelou are two different works written by two different authors yet they both convey the same message. Together, the two authors stress the significance of pushing harder when faced with conflicts rather than simply giving up. Using figurative language and repetition, Langston Hughes and Maya Angelou effectively emphasize this message in both of their poems. In both poems, both authors attemptRead MoreEssay on Maya Angelou’s â€Å"Champion of the World†859 Words   |  4 PagesAssignment #1: Maya Angelou’s â€Å"Champion of the World† Questions on Meaning 1. What do you take to be the author’s Purpose in telling this story? I think the author’s purpose of writing this story was to tell about how she felt that Joe Louis was more then just a boxer. Joe was a hero to the African American community. She tells about how important it was for Joe to win the fight and what the outcomes could be if he did not win. 2. What connection does Angelou make between the outcomeRead MoreA Homemade Education By Malcolm X And Letter From Birmingham Jail By Martin Luther King Jr.1796 Words   |  8 Pagesdampened by the discouragement that must inevitably come.† This theme of perseverance and persistence is exemplified through the works of Malcolm X, Martin Luther King Jr. and Maya Angelou who are defying social norms by revolting against racial injustice and educational inequality. Based on the texts, â€Å"Graduation† by Maya Angelou, â€Å"A Homemade Education† by Malcolm X and â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† by Martin Luther King Jr., it is clear that the writers/ narrators show a great deal of persistence.Read MoreCompare and Contrast Essay866 Words   |  4 Pagesable to do this- each in their own way. The first difference between Fish Cheeks and Caged Birds is the format of the literature. Amy Tan in Fish Cheeks chose to write a short descriptive essay (Tan, 2013). While Maya Angelou wrote in Caged Bird, a narrative in a poem format (Angelou, 1983). Each individual artist had a certain way in which, they wanted to express a significant event that they have learned throughout their life. I felt that it was easier to relate to Amy Tans message because sheRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1477 Words   |  6 Pages*Note: The narrator is referred to as Marguerite in the questions that deal with her memoirs, since that is how she refers to herself throughout the book. In instances where the author is sharing her beliefs and philosophy, she is referred to as Maya Angelou. Chapters 18-21 What is the author s theory about peoples belief in divine intervention? The author’s theory about the peoples’ belief in divine intervention is that the poorest existence is attributed to God’s will, but as their materilisticRead MoreTwo Pesentations of Love in Maya Angelous Poems: ‘A Kind of Love, Some Say’ and ‘Where We Belong, A Duet’1008 Words   |  5 PagesThese poems written by Maya Angelou both portray love in a very different way. The detrimental effects of love are shown in ‘A Kind of Love, Some Say’ and the empowering effects of love are shown in ‘Where We Belong, A Duet’. ‘A Kind of Love, Some Say’ shows that Love and relationships is what causes the struggle for identity as in the other poem being in love and in a relationship allows the persona to find their true identity. The poem ‘A kind of love some say’ is one of Mayas more emotionalRead MoreEssay on I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou2409 Words   |  10 Pagesskin. Since they were evidently treated differently, many despised the fact that they were black. As a result of their helpless circumstances, it was understandable that many blacks during that time lacked confidence and self-acceptance. Maya Angelou was an African American girl who grew up during this challenging time. During her childhood, she witnessed and experienced racial prejudice first hand. She had difficultly understanding and accepting the consequences that accompanied belongingRead MoreReview Of I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings 1553 Words   |  7 Pagesnovel â€Å"I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings† by: Maya Angelou, she illustrates Marguerite combating society from a disadvantaged position. Set in the United States during the time of racism and segregation towards the black community, the novel displays the contrast in Maya’s upbringing in Stamps, St. Louis to San Francisco and her constantly changing development and maturity in herself through her effectiveness to conquer difficult situations. Maya Angelou uses symbolism in the form of the caged birdRead MoreEssay On Maya Angelou1879 Words   |  8 PagesMaya Angelou is one of the most important American Authors who ever lived. She was an African-American woman who spoke her mind and when someone told her she couldn’t do something, it made her want to do it even more so that she could prove them wrong (Shapiro). Her life was incredibly difficult, but it made her who she was and influenced her writing and poetry immensely. As Gary Younge once said, â€Å"To know her life story is to simultaneously wonder what on earth you have been doing with your

The Art Of Paul Cezanne - 1530 Words

Introduction Henri Matisse and Pablo Picasso were both profoundly influenced by the art of Paul Cà ©zanne, somewhat ironically since the latter is reported to have been quite uncertain of his artistic contributions and anxious about his legacies (Merleau-Ponty, 1945). Picasso described Cà ©zanne as â€Å"my one and only master† ; while Matisse noted that â€Å"it is undoubtedly to Cà ©zanne that I owe the most† . The Large Bathers was one of two final paintings produced by Cà ©zanne in 1906, the year of his death. At this stage Matisse had acquired a reputation as an upcoming artistic leader via an exhibition in 1905 (Bio, n.d. #1); while Picasso was a 25 year old prodigy who had already secured lucrative patronage (Bio, n.d. #2). The three paintings of interest must be considered in the context of their artists’ evolution. To examine the relationship between the three paintings, I will first briefly summarise the artistic trends of the day to provide context, then examine The Large Bathers. I will then compare and contrast Matisse’s Bonheur de Vivre and Picasso’s Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, both with The Large Bathers and with each other. Europe, 1906 The turn of a century brings with it opportunities for reflection about the old and wonder about the new – along with both excitement and trepidation. At the entry to the twentieth century, social and technological change were continuing at historically unprecedented pace. The signs and pressures of development were all around and Europe wasShow MoreRelatedMatisse s Bonheur De Vivre ( Joy Of Life ) And Picasso s Les Demoiselles D Avignon1123 Words   |  5 PagesDemoiselles d’Avignon. This paper will also discuss how both works of art can be simultaneously seen as (1) inspired by, and (2) breaking free of Paul Cà ©zanne’s work The Large Bathers. This discussion will also make note of specific visual references. Matisse (Courtesy of https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b9/Bonheur_Matisse.jpg). Bonheur de Vivre (1905-1906) is considered to be a work created during the Fauvism period of art. Fauvism separated the use of color, from its purpose of representingRead MoreAnalysis Of Paul Cezannes The Large Bathers843 Words   |  4 PagesThe Large Bathers, 1898-1905 is the largest of Paul Cezannes pictures and has been cited as an example of his ideal of composition and his restoration of classic monumentality after its lapse during the nineteenth century. Cà ©zanne’s great achievement  forced the young Picasso, Matisse, and many other artists to contend with the implications of Cà ©zanne’s  art. This essay will discuss how both Matisse’s Bonheur de Vivre (Joy of Life) and Picasso’s Les Demoiselles d’Avignon  are considered as inspiredRead MoreThe Impressionist Period : The Impressionists Techniques Developed During The Late 1800s1678 Words   |  7 Pagespainters was differentiated by breaking away from the strict academic thought s on painting, liberating themselves from the rules and traditions of the painters of the time. Impressionist focused less on achieving perfectly finished and realistic works of art, and focused more on portraying their immediate impressions of daily scenes. They sought to objectively record reality in terms of moving light and color instead of the traditional stationary light and single focal point used at the time. The ImpressionistsRead MorePainting Style And Technique For The Modern World1414 Words   |  6 Pagesthink about Paul Cà ©zanne, we think about a French artist who had incredible painting skills and was an Impressionist painter. Moreover, it is undeniable that his talent was a contribution to the modern world. Cà ©zanne was a great artist, his Post-impressionist artwork is definitely a strong link between late 19th century Cubism and Impressionism. In addition, his artwork is known to have influenced so many artists, such as Matisse, Picasso and so on. Those artist s have noted Paul Cà ©zanne as a wonderfulRead More Paul Cezanne Essay651 Words   |  3 Pages PAUL CÉZANNE nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Post Impressionism, as the name would suggest, is the art movement that directly followed Impressionism. One artist, who led the Post Impressionism movement, was French artist, Paul Cà ©zanne. Much of his early work was pure Impressionism and, although he was introduced to the style and guided by Camille Pissarro, Cà ©zannes works showed a distinctive uniqueness. Cà ©zanne broke away from Impressionism because of the lack of composition;Read MorePaul Cezanne Essay791 Words   |  4 PagesPaul Cezanne (1839-1906) was a revolutionary painter of the late 19th century. His work could not be contained within one movement of modern art. Cezanne painted during the height of the Impressionists movement, though he did not hit the pinnacle of his career until he became one of the founders of the Post-Impressionist movement. His style of painting has inspired generations of artists to this day. His 1895-1900, Post-Impressionist, still life, Table, Napkin, and Fru it, (Un coin de Table) oilRead More Analysis of Still Life With Peppermint Bottle by Paul Cezanne938 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Still Life With Peppermint Bottle by Paul Cezanne Paul Cezanne is considered one of the greatest and most memorable artists of the Post-Impressionist period. 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Compared to earlier artistic periods, the art produced in the 19th century was a mixture of restlessness, obsession with progress and novelty, and a ceaseless questioning, testing and challenging of all authority. Old certainties about art gave way to new ones and all traditional values, systems and institutions were subjected to relentless critical analysis

Quality of Work Life free essay sample

Employees at any level many time experience a sense of frustration because low level of wages, poor working conditions, unfavourable terms of employment, inhuman treatement by their superiors the like whereas managerial personnel feel frustrated because of alienation over their condition of employment , interpersonal conflicts, role conflicts, Job pressure , lack of freedom , absence of challenging work, etc. QWL means different things to different people, J. Richard J. Loy define QWL as the degree to which members of a work organization are able to satisfy mportant personnel needs through their experience in the organization. In the search for improved productivity, manager executives alike are discovering the important contribution of QWL. Hackman suttle describe QWL from varied viewpoints. From a professional view point , it refers to industrial democracy, increase workewrs participation in corporate decision making , or culmination of the goals of human realations. In terms of management perspective, it relates to a variety of efforts to improve productivity through improvements in the human , rather than he capital or technological inputs of production. We will write a custom essay sample on Quality of Work Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page From standpoint of the characteristics of individual workers , it refers to the degree to which members of a work organization are able to satisfy important personal needs through their experience in the organization. From the unions, perspective , it is a more equitable sharing of the income and resources of the work of organization, and more human healthier working conditions. DIMENSIONS OF STUDY : Quality of work life improvement are defined as any activity which takes place at very level of organization which seeks greater organizational effectiveness through enhancement of human dignity and growth a process through which the stockholders in the organization management, union and employees- learn how to work together to better to determine for themselves what actions, changes improvements are desirable and workable in order to achive twin simultaneous goals of an improve quality of life at work for all members of organization greater effectiveness for the company and unions. Trade union claim that they are responsible for the improvements in various facilities to workers hereas management takes credit for improved salaries, benefits facilities. However, HR manager has identified specific issues in QWL. Klott Mundick Schuster suggested major QWL issues. They are: (1) Pay Employment on permanent basis: Good pay still dominates most of the other factors in employee satisfaction. Various alternative means for providing wages should be developed in view of increase in cost of living index , increase in levels rates of income tax profession tax. QWL must be build around an equitable pay programs . in uture more workers may want to participate in the profits of the firm. Employment of workers on casual, temporary, probationary basis gives them sense of insecurity. On the other hand , employment on the other basis gives them security leads to higher order QWL. (2) Occupational Stress : Stress is a condition of strain on ones emotions, thought process physical condition . stress is determined by the workers abilities nature and match with the Job requirements. Stress is cause due irritability, offering prestigious designation to the Jobs, providing well furnish amp; decent work places, offering membership in clubs or association , providing vehicles, offering vacation trips, or means to recognize the employees hyper- excitation or depression unstable behaviour, fatigue, stuttering, trembling psychometric pains, heavy smoking drug abuse. Stress adversely effects on employees productivity. The HR manager, in order to minimize the stress has to identifiy, prevent tackle the problem. He may arrange the treatment of problem with the health unit or provide some stress buster activities during the hectic work schedule. 3) Organizational Health programs : Organizational health programs aim at educating employees about health problems means of maintaining improving health etc. These programme covers drinking and smoking cessation ( if it is affecting the productivity of employee ) , hypertension control , other forms of cardiovascular risk reduction, family planning etc. Effective implementation of these progrme results in reduction in absenteeism, hospitalization ,disability, excessive Job turnover premature death. It should also covers relaxation, physical exercise , diet control etc. 4) Alternative work schedule : Alternative work schedule including work at home , flexible working hours, staggered hours , and reduced work week, part time employment which may be introduced for the convenience comfort of the workers as the work schedule which offers the individual the leisure time , flexible hours of work is preferred. 5) Participative Management control of work : Trade unions and workers participation in management and decision making improves QWL . workers also feel that they have control their work, use their skills make a real contribution to the Job if they re allowed to participate in creative and decision making process. (6) Recognition : recognizing the employee as a human being rather than as a labourer increases the QWL . Participative management , awarding the rewarding systems , congratulating the employees for their achievement , Job enrichment, offering prestigious designation to the Jobs, providing well furnish and decent work places,offering membership in club or associations , providing vehicles , offering vacation trips, or some means to recognize the employees . (7) Congenial Worker- supervisor Relation : Harmonious supervisor- worker relations give the worker essence of social association , belongingness, achievement of worker results etc. This in turn led to better QWL. 8) Grievance procedure : workers have a sence of fair treatement when the company gives them opportunity to ventilate their grievances and represent their case succinctly rather than settling the problems arbitrarily. (9) Adequacy of resources : Resources should match with stated objective ; otherwise , employee will not be able to attain them . This results in the employee dissatisfaction and lower QWL. 10) Seniority merit in promotions : seniority is generally taken as the basis of promotion in case of operating employees . Merit is considered as the basis for advancement for managerial people whereas seniority cum- merit is preferred for promotion of ministerial employees. The promotional policies activities should be fair 7 Just in order to ensure higher QWL. (11) Welfare Benefits : Since workers are now better organized , educated vociferous, they demand social security welfare benefits as a matter of right which were once considered a part of bargaining process. Quality of Work Life free essay sample I got support from many people without their help I would not have got success. I wish to record sincere appreciation and thanks to them. First of all I would like to thanks Mr. SRINIVASA SASTRY garu, principal, MALLA REDDY INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT for undertaking this project work. I am also thankful to N. V. SHARMA, MBA faculty for Human Resource, Malla Reddy Institute of Management. Who helped me throughout my study and helped me in analysis and interpretation of data preparing the final draft. I am thankful to Mr. J. RAVI KUMAR, head of the department of master of business administration for his encouragement and help throughout the M.B. A course. I am very grateful to Mr. V. V. NAIDU, Senior HR Manager for helping me in various steps and encouraging me for having me an opportunity to work in their organization on a project. Finally, I am very thankful to all of my friends whose cooperation and suggestions have helped me in successful complete of this project. We will write a custom essay sample on Quality of Work Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ABSTRACT In the era of Globalization of market economy, hyper competition and uncertainty of rapidly changing environment the success of an Organization depends on the strategies adopted to improve the Quality of Working life of employees. A growing number of todays Oranizations recognized that Quality of Work Life is one o the human resource strategies to promote and maintain an orderly atmosphere for employees to work effectively. Quality of Working Life refers to the quality of relationship between employees and total work environment of an organization. QWL is a collective responsibility of the management, employees, leaders of the union, Government and behavioral scientists. Quality of Working life in an Organization is a function of management practices that are valued by customers. Quality of work life denotes all the organizational inputs which aim at the employee’ satisfaction and enhancing organizational effectiveness. By the globalization the modern employees are experiencing distress. To meet the challenges posed by present standards, organizational must focus their attention in bringing a balance between work life and personal life. The underlying assumption is that work life balance will ultimately ensure Quality of work life. Sigmund Freud is considered to be the father figure of Psycho analysis. His prescription for a healthy person is a combination of â€Å"Lieben und Arbeiten† that is Love and Work. In present working environment the workers are looking for quality of life as a superior human endeavor. Such endeavor calls for a trade off between work life and family life. Today an employee desires work to be more meaningful and challenging because quality is the acid test. A Quality of work life gives an opportunity for deep sense of fulfillment. Employees seek a supportive work environment that will enable them to balance work with personal interests. Such balance contributes to superior human existence in ample measure. Quality of work life provides a more humanized work environment. It attempts to serve the higher order needs of workers as well as their basic needs. Quality of Work Life indicates that the work should not have excessively negative conditions. It should not put workers under undue stress. It should not damage or degrade their humanness. It should not be threatening or unduly dangerous. Finally it should contribute to, or at least leave un paired, workers abilities to perform in other life roles. Such as citizen, spouse and parent. That is work should contribute to general social advancement. Employees in several companies that instituted Quality of work life experienced better health and greater safety on the job. Other benefits included improved employee satisfaction, morale, job interest, commitment and involvement ; increased opportunity for individual growth ; greater sense of ownership and control of the work environment development of managerial ability for circle leaders, improved communication in the organization and greater understanding and respect between management and workers. The term Quality of work life has been applied to a wide variety of organizational improvement efforts. The common elements seem to be,has good man indicates, an â€Å"attempt to restructure multiple dimensions of the organizational and to institute a mechanism which introduces and sustains changes overtime . Aspects of the change mechanism are usually an increase in problem solving between the union and management Responsiveness to employee concerns. In every organization, people and their behaviour assumes vital role in determining the performance and effectiveness . hile many studies concentrated on physical and financial performance of organization. Studies on behavioural aspects seems to be inadequate. So, the attempts must to understand the human side of the enterprise. In the present scenario, where the world is moving from traditionalisation to modernization, computerization and globalization there is an intense competition. The situations are becoming more complex and the modern employees are experiencing distress. To meet the challenges posed by present standards organization must focus their attention in bringing a balance between work and family life. The Quality of work life movement provides a value frame work and a philosophy which has a long term implication for the human development and enrichment. It tries to balance both the work and family life. Hence integrated approach with regard to Quality of work life is required for the success of an individual and an organization. This underlines the necessity of searching studies on the nature of human relations and the problems of human relations and the problems of human behaviour in the organization and suggest measures to cope with the problems. Hence, an in depth on aspects like Quality of work life can throw light on many non-identified aspects of human behaviour which may help in understanding the issues involved and improving the overall performance of these organizations. There it is found that there is need to study in greater detail about the topic. NEED AND IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY Quality of work life includes the following features: ? Voluntary involvement on the part of employees. ? Assurance of no loss of jobs as a result of the programs ? Training of employees in team problem solving. ? The use of Quality circles where employees discuss problems affecting the Performance of the work and job environment. ? Encouragement of skill development. ? Skill training ? Responsiveness to employee concerns. APPROACH TO QUALITY OF WORK LIFE The Quality of work life involvement traditionally has been closely identified with the job redesign efforts based on socio-technical systems approach. However during the 1980’s the concept of Quality of work life has been broadened to include a number of approaches aimed at join decision making. Collaboration and mutual respect between management and employees, increased autonomy at work place, and self management. Thus the Quality Circles adopted by Japanese and Indian industries as well as democratization of work process though self-regulating autonomous groups in the Scandinavian countries and USA are all considered part of this movement. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 1. To evaluate and analyse the Quality of work life in ECIL. 2. To study the factors/determinants of Quality of work life. 3. To examine the impact of welfare measures on Quality of work life. 4. To evaluate the aspects of quality of work life and suggest measures in improving quality of work life. SCOPE OF THE STUDY The term Quality of work life in its broader sense covers various aspects of employment and non-employment conditions of work. The present study will aim at studying various factors which influence Quality of work life in ECIL. Although the important components of Quality of work life were comprehensively discussed. The study is dependent on the opinion expressed by the managers and staff of all the departments of the Components Division that are working at Electronic Corporation of India Limited(ECIL). Quality of work life Quality of work life refers to favorable or ungovernableness of the job environment for people . The basic purpose is to develop jobs and working conditions that are excellent for people as well as for the organization. Quality of work life includes Walton proposed eight conceptual categories that together make up the quality of work life ? Adequate and fair compensation ? Safe and healthy working conditions ? Immediate opportunity to use and develop human capacities ? Social integration in the work organization ? Constitutionalisation ? Work and total life space ? Social relevance of work life ? Promotion and career planning Adequate and fair compensation This refers to against to just and fair balance between efforts and reward. The compensation helps in manufacturing helps in maintaining a socially desirable standard of life. In India such labour legislations are payment of wages act, 1936 and minimum wages act, 1948 ensure adequate and fair compensation to the employees. Safe and healthy working conditions In order to improve quality of work life the work environment should be free from hazards or other factors determined to healthy and safety of the employees in the work place in India is ensured in the factories act, 1948, which lies down minimum standards of protection from machine and other hazards (noise, pollution, gases etc.. at the place of work. Immediate Opportunities to use and Develop Human Capacities The work today has become repetitive and fragmented. Quality of work life can be improved if the job allows sufficient autonomy and control, uses a wide range of skills and abilities, provides immediate feed back to workers to take corrective action is seen as a total activity and provides opportunity to plan, implement by himself. Social integration in the work organization One of the effectiveness of quality of work life is to generate satisfying identity with the organization and develop a feeling as self esteem. The variables that inculcate these are absence of hierarchical status, opportunity for upward mobility, openness and trust, a sense of community feeling on the job and freedom from prejudice based on sex, caste, race, creed and religion. Constitutionalisation in the work organization Constitution guarantees as right to personnel privacy, free speech, equitable treatment and governance by the â€Å"Rule of Law† are necessary to upload to improve quality of work life Work and the Total life Space The demand of the work, like late hours, frequent travel, quick transfer are oth psychologically and socially very costly to the employee and his family such phenomena Accruing o a regular basis necessarily depress the quality of work life. Social relevance of work life The organization lack of concern for social causes like waste disposal, low quality product, over-aggressive marketing. Employment practices make workers depreciate the value of their work and career, which in turn affec ts their self-esteem. The social responsibility of the organization is an important determinant of quality of work life. The basic concept underlying the quality of work life is â€Å"Humanization of Work†. It involves basically the development of an environment of work that stimulates the creative abilities of the workers ,generate co operation and interest in self growth. Promotion and Career Planning Promotion A promotion takes place when an employee moves to a position higher than the one firmly occupied . His/Her responsibility, status and pay also increases. Promotions are of two types. 1. Vertical promotions:- under which the employees are promoted from one rank to the next higher rank in the same department. 2. Horizontal promotions:- under which employees may be promoted to higher ranks on the other departments. The advantages of having promotion schemes ? They provide an opportunity to the present employees to move into jobs that provide greater satisfaction and prestige. ? They generate within on organization motivational, conditions for better work performance and desired behaviour of all its members. ? Finally, they save as an orderly, logical and prompt source of recruitment for management to fill vacancies as they arise. Career Planning If an organization wants to retain its employees it must satisfy their aspirations for growth and development of advancement in their career . A career plan is a blue print in which the entire career of employees is mapped out from the point of their entry in to the point of their retirement from the organization. Career planning is mostly done for supervisory and managerial positions. Career planning is an integral part of manpower planning. ADVANTAGES OF CAREER PLANNING 1. It motivates employees to avail of the training development facilities. They are convinced that promotions will not fall in their laps merely by luck or through connection. 2. It increases employees loyalty to the organization. By this they can easily integrate their goals with organization goals. . It encourages employees to remain in the organization. By this the labour turnover is reduced. 4. It creates organizations better image in the employment market which helps organization to attract competent people. 5. It contributes to manpower planning as well as to organizational development and effective achievements of corporate goal. The basic concept underlying the Quality of work life is what has come to be known as â€Å"humanization of work†. It involves basically the development of an environment of work that simulates the creative abilities of the workers generates co-operation and interest in self growth. † HERRICK AND MACCOBY (1975) have identified four basic principles which Summaries humanization of work. These principles are 1. The principle of security:- Humanization of work implies freedom from anxiety, fear and the loss of future employment. The working conditions should be safe and there should be no fear of economic want. These pre-conditions will guarantee at most development of skills and ideas. 2. The principle of Quality:- The equity principle requires that there is a just way of revaluating the conditions of an employee. Another aspect of quality refers to paying for knowledge and skills to carry out the task. If work has to be humanized equity would also require sharing in the profits of the organization according to the individual or group contribution. 3. The principle of individual:- Individual refers to the work environment in which employees are encouraged to develop themselves to their almost competence , a system of work that facilitates blossoming of individual potential. A basic precondition for this is the availability of freedom and autonomy in deciding their own pace as activity and design of operations. 4. The principle of democracy:- Meaningful participation in decision-making also guarantees the ‘Right of citizenship. ’ Quality of work life is a complex and multifaced concept implying a concern for the members of an organization irrespective of the level the belong to. It includes job factors like wages and hours of work and also the nature of work itself. With the encouragement of international labour organization achieve lead taken by National of labour, Delhi, the Quality of work life as a movement has started attracting the attention of both academicians as well as practioners in India. In India, the concept of Quality of work life seems to manifest itself in a variety of operational Systems like workers participation, job enrichment, Quality Circle etc. Quality of work life is a broader concept. By time to time that Quality of work life includes Some other factors in it. JOB DESIGN Job design include job enlargement, job rotation job enrichment a. Job enlargement:- Job enlargement as a concept deals with expansion of the job contents by allowing Employees inspect their work , affect minor repairs on the work and quipment and select their own work methods or ‘set-ups’. These refers as to vertical enlargement. ’ Another is ‘horizontal enlargement’ under this scheme one simply adds a larger numbers of some what similar tasks to the present job. b. Job rotation:- It refers to systematically moving employee from one job to another. From the point of view of an organization job rotation helps develop a comman culture because of wide and common exposure and at the same time infuses â€Å"fresh-blood† in the task. c. Job enrichment:- It refers to the process of making jobs more interesting and satisfying, adding to that sense of achievement, increasing responsibility and providing opportunities for advancement and growth. JOB SATISFACTION The attitude of an individual is his general back ground by feeling against which he views many factual events, men and things. A ‘specific subset’ of this general back ground feeling against which the individual appraises the various dimensions of his job is called job satisfaction. Some dimensions are nature of work ,supervisor, pay, promotion and co-workers. There are Three major theories of job satisfaction a) Hertzberg’s motivation:- hygiene theory b) Need –fulfillment theory and c) Social reference-group theory In summary the three theories respectively tell us that:- †¢ Job satisfaction is a function of or is positively related to the degree to which one’s personnel needs fulfilled in the job satisfaction; and †¢ Job satisfaction is a function or is positively related to the degree which the characteristics of the job meet with approval and the desires of the group to which the individual looks for guidance in evaluating the world and defining social reality. AUTONOMOUS WORK TEAMS An autonomous work team is one which can plan, regulate and control its own work world. The management only specifies the goals that too in collaboration with the team. The team organizes the contents and structure of its job, evaluates its own performance, establishes its speed and chooses its production method. It makes its own internal distribution of tasks and decides its own membership. Autonomous team approach increases satisfaction and reduces turnover and absenteeism.